HOW TO: Create a Constitution by Pat Luft
I guarantee that if you are the commissioner you will here
the response "I thought the rules said ...", when in fact they aren't
even close. So, let's cover as many of the issues as possible. This may seem
tedious but it will become very important when towards the end of the season.I am going
to describe as many of the sections as possible and give you some ideas of what you can
put in each section. Both types of leagues will be used in the examples, the
Rotisserie (Roto, based on placement in each scoring category) and Fantasy League (based
on a point scoring system). Roto Constitution information is loosely taken
from John Benson's book The OFFICIAL Rule Book and Draft Day Guide. Red highlighted text will define a normal Roto League rule or
clarification. Green will signify a Fantasy League
value. I.
OBJECT: This will describe to the prospective owners the league and league rules.
Make sure there is information listing then how many players will make up the teams,
number of teams and which players will be available for the Auction/Draft (AL, NL, or
Both).
II.
TEAMS and ROSTERS: This section will define how may teams the league will be made up of
and how many players each team will contain. Rosters should also define if all
players picked are on the active roster. Will there be a reserve list and how do you
get put on it (ie, injuries). Do you have a Minor League Player Draft as well.
III.
FEES: They come in 2 formats: the Entry Fee and the Transaction Fees. Everyone
wants to know this. You can use what ever figure you want and this will usually head
us into the next section about Prizes, where most of the money ends up. Head-to-Head: this is usually what ever you think the other owners will
pay. There are many variations and you charge anywhere from $10 to $100 pretty
easily. Roto: Either $260 in AL leagues or $280
in NL leagues, although if that seems too high for your league, it is very normal to scale
this down. Some leagues use $26 and $28, so they will not have to try to calculate
player dollar amounts for each player (explained later).
There can be many Transaction Fees and you need to get them
all defined. Here are the most common without explanations which will be covered in
later topics:
1. Entry Fee: Self-explanatory
2. Transaction Fee: Is can be any amount from $.50
to $1.00 to $10.00. It
will be the amount charged when ever a player is traded, activated, and may include the
signing of free agents.
3. Call-Up From Free-Agent Pool: This value can either be
the same as the Transaction Fee or can be split out on it's own as in Roto a $25 fee is charged.
4. Reserve/Activation: These can be separate fees or part
of the Transaction fee. Roto = $10 each
5. Farm System: This is usually the same value as a
Call-Up price. Roto = $10
6. Waivers: If not broken out this will generally be the
same as the Call-Up price. Roto = $10
7. Roster Expansion: This varies if you implement the
rule. Roto = $50
IV.
PRIZES: How much of the entry fee will be disbursed. Define when all the money
is due (draft day, week 3, etc). Don't let this drag out too long as some owners may
decide they team is so bad it would be easier to not pay you and never show up again as to
paying for a bad team. You may also want to impose some fines for teams not paying
on time (not allowing that team to pickup free-agents until paid, etc). You may want
to give all the out as prizes or you may want to retain some of the money for league
expenses (such as trophies, payment of stat services, etc.) Roto
breaks their league down like this: 1st place 50%. 2nd place 20%. 3rd
place 15%. 4th place 10% and 5ht place 5%.
V.
DRAFT PROCESS: Explain which format you will be using for your draft. Head-to-Head: this is usually done by a draft because it is quicker,
although I prefer an auction. Here are some considerations for a draft league:
1. Who draft first? It could be done randomly selected from a
hat or based on last years standings?
2. What order will the draft follow? It could be same order for
every round (1-20 for the 1st round then 1-20 for the 2nd round) or it could be serpentine
(1-20 for the 1st round then 20-1 for 2nd and 1-20 for the third, etc.)
Roto: is primarily done through the auction process and have a lot more
restrictions. Here are some of the considerations:
1. Who gets to throw out the first player for bidding? Does
last years winner or loser do it or is purely random. It really doesn't matter.
2. How will the progression of the rounds go? Does the player
winning the last player have to throw out the next player for bidding or does it just
circle around the room?
3. Usually during the draft the once a player has been picked he
must be declared a position, he may be switched during the draft but he should be
declared, and this should be included.
4. No team may bid on a player he cannot afford.
5. Usually players who start the season on the DL are not eligible
for selection.
VI.
POSITION ELIGIBILITY: Players should be assigned a position going into the draft so
everyone knows where a player is eligible to play. Typically this is done by using
the total number of games played from the previous year. Roto
uses 20 games at a position the previous year before he can qualify for that
position. Once the season starts they must play at least 1 game at any position to
be re-qualified. I have tried this and the 1 game rule
is a little too easy. For example in 1998, Colorado used Larry Walker at 2B and
Vinny Castilla at SS during a late extra inning game. This made a few owners very
happy and a few a little upset. I would suggest using a 5 game in season rule if you
want to allow players to switch. Also it is not uncommon to not have an in-season
position adjustment.
VII. STANDINGS AND SCORING: You will need to determine your scoring
system and how to determine the winner. The scoring will be determined by either a
weekly performance or accumulated season totals as well as using Fantasy Point Totals or
ranking based on performance.
Fantasy Points: The scoring is based on a combination
of different statistics with a point value assigned to that category. Usually
Fantasy Points is used with a Head-to-head weekly game, but can be played by accumulating
all the Fantasy Points for the season and the winner is the team with the most points.
In either case you will need to assign a value for each category used, check out
our HOW TO: Build a
Fantasy Points Scoring System for alternatives.
Teams are ranked from first to last in each of the categories
used for scoring and points will be assigned based on those positions. The team
score will consist of the total of all category points. The team with the most
points wins. For example, in a 12-team league, each team is ranked in batting
average with the highest average getting 12 points and the lowest average getting 1.
This will occur in each scoring category. Listed below are the standard
scoring categories for a 4x4 (4 hitting and 4 pitching categories) and a 5x5 (5 hitting
and 5 pitching categories) Roto league:
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Requirement
for categories. Typically when you are using a total for your stats it is a good
idea to put requirements on the league such as 4250 at bats to qualify for hitting
category or 900 innings pitched to qualify for pitching categories. This will
eliminate an owner from drafting the all the top players in hitting or pitching and
abandoning the other categories, which usually doesn't work but it has been tried and
hence rules have been formed.
Tie
Breakers. It is also a good idea to put a tie breaker system in to affect in case
you have a tie in either type of system. For weekly scoring you may have a weekly
tie-breaker as home team or most hitting points, etc. For the cumulative scoring
most Roto leagues will add up the total at bats plus three times the number of innings
pitched and the team with the highest total wins.
VIII. PLAYER SALARIES: The salary of a player is determined by the
time and means of his acquisition and does not change unless the player becomes a free
agent or is signed to a contract.
A player's salary is initally set to his auction price. The salary of players picked
up as free agents during a season, claimed off of waivers or activated from a farm system
shall all be $10 or a prorated value of that. Players called up as a Roster
Expansion from the free agent pool to supplement the current roster is $25 or a prorated
value of that.
IX.
STATS: There are really two methods for scoring your league. You keep the
stats yourself (yeah right) or you have someone else do it for you.
If you do want to keep stats yourself, then the USA Today Baseball weekly publishes weekly
stats through the previous Sunday, you can enter the daily games, or you can download the
fantasy stats from Yahoo.com who creates a comma delaminated file for downloading pretty
much every day. Any way you will have to enter the data into a spreadsheet and
create calculations to arrive at your scores. This has been done, actually by most
of us up until the the past couple of years.
You could also select a stat service. There are many out there, in
fact DraftHelp.com offers On-Line League manager services from the DraftHelp
store. The old days of Free services are pretty much gone but
if you you are playing a standard Roto league, Yahoo does still offer a free
service.
X.
SIGNING FREE AGENTS: The following players are considered in the Free Agent pool and
may be picked up at any time:
* Active major league players not on any other team roster.
* Any minor league player promoted to the major league roster.
* Waived players who have not been claims (see rule XI)
* Players traded into the league, if playing AL or NL only leagues.
This may changed you may want to put a deadline on when Free Agents can be acquired.
This may include the start of the playoffs in a weekly points league or the
All-Start break a cumulative league.
Twists. You may want to limit the number of transactions free agent transactions,
this can be be done in a couple of different ways. First, you can just set a limit
to the number. Second, you can have a Free Agent Acquisition Bugdet (FAAB) for
requesting players.
The FAAB is a supplementary budget of $100 (for Roto purposes) used in the acquiring of
free agents. A bidding process should be used during the acquisition of players when
using the FAAB. This will insure the player being requested goes to the highest
bidder. In the case of a tie the team lowest in the standings from the previous week
will be awarded the player. Minimum bid should be around $5 of the original $100.
If a player is purchased with a value over $10 that player could be awarded a
guaranteed contract.
For every player picked up a player must be waived or moved to a reserve list.
XI.
WAIVERS: Most Roto leagues use a waiver process as well as a released status.
The waiver status is given when a player is dropped from the current roster, either active
or reserved. The waiver status is given for a full week and the player who is lowest
in the standings and has requested to pick up the player shall be awarded the
player. If he isn't claimed he will be tossed back into the Free Agent Pool.
Waiver claims usually take precedence over a normal |